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| Chapter 11 The java.io Package |

# BufferedWriter

## Name

BufferedWriter

## Synopsis

Class Name:

  `java.io.BufferedWriter`

Superclass:

  `java.io.Writer`

Immediate Subclasses:

  None

Interfaces Implemented:

  None

Availability:

  New as of JDK 1.1

## Description

A `BufferedWriter` object provides a more efficient way to write just a few characters at a time to a `Writer`. `BufferedWriter` objects use a buffer to store output for an associated `Writer`. In other words, a large number of characters are stored in an internal buffer and only written when the buffer fills up or is explicitly flushed. A `BufferedWriter` is more efficient than a regular `Writer` because the data is written to memory, rather than a disk or a network. Minimizing the number of write operations to a disk or the network minimizes the cumulative overhead for these operations.

You should wrap a `BufferedWriter` around any `Writer` whose `write()` operations may be time consuming or costly, such as a `FileWriter` or a `OutputStreamWriter`.

This class is very similar to `BufferedOutputStream`, but it operates on a stream of Java characters instead of a byte stream; this makes it easier to support internationalization.

## Class Summary

    public class java.io.BufferedWriter extends java.io.Writer {
      // Constructors
      public BufferedWriter(Writer out);
      public BufferedWriter(Writer out, int size);
      // Instance Methods
      public void close();
      public void flush();
      public void newLine();
      public void write(int c);
      public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len);
      public void write(String s, int off, int len);
    }

## Constructors

### BufferedWriter

#### public BufferedWriter (Writer out)

Parameters

  `out`

    The output stream to buffer.

Description

  This constructor creates a `BufferedWriter` that acts on the specified `Writer`, using a buffer with the default size of 8192 characters.

#### public BufferedWriter (Writer out, int size)

Parameters

  `out`

    The output stream to buffer.

  `size`

    The size of buffer to use.

Throws

  `IllegalArgumentException`

    If the specified size is less than 0.

Description

  This constructor creates a `BufferedWriter` that acts on the specified `Writer`, using a buffer that is `size` bytes long.

## Instance Methods

### close

#### public void close() throws IOException

Throws

  `IOException`

    If any kind of I/O error occurs.

Overrides

  `Writer.close()`

Description

  This method closes this `BufferedWriter` and its underlying `Writer`.

### flush

#### public void flush() throws IOException

Throws

  `IOException`

    If any kind of I/O error occurs.

Overrides

  `Writer.flush()`

Description

  This method writes the contents of the buffer to the underlying `Writer` and calls `flush()` on the underlying `Writer`. It is called automatically when the buffer fills up. You can also call it before the buffer is full. This is known as "flushing" the buffer. This method blocks until the underlying `write()` is complete.

### newLine

#### public void newLine() throws IOException

Throws

  `IOException`

    If any kind of I/O error occurs.

Description

  This method writes the newline character or characters to the stream. It uses `System.getProperty('line.separator')` to choose the newline appropriate for the run-time system. Calling this method is preferable to explicitly writing a newline character.

### write

#### public void write(int c) throws IOException

Parameters

  `c`

    The value to write.

Throws

  `IOException`

    If any kind of I/O error occurs.

Overrides

  `Writer.write(int)`

Description

  This method places the low-order 16 bits of the specified value into the buffer. If the buffer is full, it is flushed, and the value `c` is placed in the newly empty buffer. If the buffer is flushed, this method blocks while the data is written; otherwise this method returns immediately.

####

     public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException

Parameters

  `cbuf`

    An array of characters to write.

  `off`

    An offset into the character array.

  `len`

    The number of characters to write.

Throws

  `IOException`

    If any kind of I/O error occurs.

Overrides

  `Writer.write(char[], int, int)`

Description

  This method copies `len` characters from `cbuf`, starting at `off`, into the buffer. If there is enough space left in the buffer for the new data, it is copied into the buffer, and the method returns immediately. Otherwise, the buffer is filled and flushed repeatedly until all the new data has been copied into the buffer.

#### public void write(String s, int off, int len) throws IOException

Parameters

  `s`

    The string to be written.

  `off`

    An offset into the string.

  `len`

    The number of characters to write.

Throws

  `IOException`

    If an I/O error occurs.

Overrides

  `Writer.write(String, int, int)`

Description

  This method copies `len` characters from `s`, starting at `off`, into the buffer. If there is enough space left in the buffer for the new data, it is copied into the buffer and the method returns immediately. Otherwise, the buffer is filled and flushed repeatedly until all the new data has been copied into the buffer.

## Inherited Methods

Method | Inherited From | Method | Inherited From
--- | --- | --- | ---
`clone()` | `Object` | `equals(Object)` | `Object`
`finalize()` | `Object` | `getClass()` | `Object`
`hashCode()` | `Object` | `notify()` | `Object`
`notifyAll()` | `Object` | `toString()` | `Object`
`wait()` | `Object` | `wait(long)` | `Object`
`wait(long, int)` | `Object` | `write(char[])` | `Writer`
`write(String)` | `Writer` |  |

## See Also

`IllegalArgumentException`, `IOException`, `String`, `Writer`

BufferedReader |  | ByteArrayInputStream